--- title: "Eurostat API Reference" description: "An older JSON-stat endpoint also exists: ``` https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0 ```" type: skill canonical_url: https://claudary.paisolsolutions.com/skills/eurostat source: "Claudary" difficulty: intermediate author: "Claude Code Knowledge Pack" date: 2026-07-10T11:24:17.707Z license: CC-BY-4.0 attribution: "Eurostat API Reference — Claudary (https://claudary.paisolsolutions.com/skills/eurostat)" --- # Eurostat API Reference An older JSON-stat endpoint also exists: ``` https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0 ``` ## Overview # Eurostat API Reference ## Overview Eurostat is the statistical office of the European Union, providing statistics on economy, population, trade, labor, environment, and more for EU/EEA member states and partner countries. The API follows the SDMX (Statistical Data and Metadata Exchange) standard. ## Base URL ``` https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/sdmx/2.1 ``` An older JSON-stat endpoint also exists: ``` https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0 ``` ## Authentication **No API key required.** The API is fully open and free. ## Rate Limits - No formal rate limits documented. - Eurostat may throttle aggressive scraping. Keep automated requests to 1-2 per second. - Large datasets may time out; use filters to reduce response size. --- ## Key Endpoints (SDMX 2.1 API) ### 1. Get Dataset (Observations) ``` GET /data/{datasetCode}/{filter} ``` | Parameter | Required | Description | |-----------|----------|-------------| | `datasetCode` | Yes | Eurostat dataset code (e.g., `nama_10_gdp`, `demo_pjan`) | | `filter` | No | Dot-separated dimension filter. Use `+` for multiple values in a dimension, `.` to separate dimensions, empty segment for "all". | **Query parameters:** | Parameter | Required | Description | |-----------|----------|-------------| | `format` | No | `sdmx+json` (default), `sdmx+csv`, `sdmx+xml`, `TSV` | | `startPeriod` | No | Start year/quarter/month: `2015`, `2020-Q1`, `2020-01` | | `endPeriod` | No | End year/quarter/month | | `detail` | No | `full` (default), `dataonly`, `serieskeysonly`, `nodata` | | `lang` | No | `en` (default), `fr`, `de` | **Example (GDP at market prices for Germany and France, annual, 2018-2023):** ``` https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/sdmx/2.1/data/nama_10_gdp/A.CP_MEUR.B1GQ.DE+FR?startPeriod=2018&endPeriod=2023 ``` **Example (total population by country, annual):** ``` https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/sdmx/2.1/data/demo_pjan/A.NR.T.TOTAL.DE+FR+IT+ES?startPeriod=2015&endPeriod=2023 ``` **Example (unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, monthly):** ``` https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/sdmx/2.1/data/une_rt_m/M.SA.TOTAL.PC_ACT.T.EA20?startPeriod=2023-01&endPeriod=2024-12 ``` **Example (HICP inflation, all items, monthly):** ``` https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/sdmx/2.1/data/prc_hicp_mmor/M.RCH_A.CP00.DE+FR+IT?startPeriod=2023-01&endPeriod=2024-06&format=sdmx+json ``` ### 2. Get Dataset as CSV Append `?format=sdmx+csv` to any data request for a flat CSV response that is easier to parse. **Example:** ``` https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/sdmx/2.1/data/nama_10_gdp/A.CP_MEUR.B1GQ.DE+FR?startPeriod=2018&endPeriod=2023&format=sdmx+csv ``` ### 3. Get Dataset Structure (Dimensions and Code Lists) ``` GET /datastructure/ESTAT/{datasetCode} ``` **Example:** ``` https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/sdmx/2.1/datastructure/ESTAT/nama_10_gdp ``` Returns dimension names, positions, and code list references. ### 4. Get Code List (Dimension Values) ``` GET /codelist/ESTAT/{codelistId} ``` **Example:** ``` https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/sdmx/2.1/codelist/ESTAT/GEO ``` ### 5. Search/Browse Datasets (Dataflows) ``` GET /dataflow/ESTAT/all ``` Returns all available Eurostat datasets. Add `?detail=allstubs` for a lighter listing. **Example:** ``` https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/sdmx/2.1/dataflow/ESTAT/all?detail=allstubs ``` --- ## JSON-stat API (Simpler Alternative) ### Base URL ``` https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0/data ``` ### Get Data ``` GET /data/{datasetCode}?{dimension_filters} ``` Dimensions are passed as query parameters using their dimension name. **Example (GDP for DE and FR):** ``` https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0/data/nama_10_gdp?geo=DE&geo=FR&unit=CP_MEUR&na_item=B1GQ&freq=A&time=2020&time=2021&time=2022&lang=en ``` **Response (JSON-stat format):** ```json { "version": "2.0", "label": "GDP and main components (output, expenditure and income)", "id": ["freq", "unit", "na_item", "geo", "time"], "size": [1, 1, 1, 2, 3], "dimension": { "geo": { "label": "Geopolitical entity", "category": { "index": {"DE": 0, "FR": 1}, "label": {"DE": "Germany", "FR": "France"} } }, "time": { "label": "Time", "category": { "index": {"2020": 0, "2021": 1, "2022": 2} } } }, "value": {3336010.0, 3601750.0, 3876810.0, 2310420.0, 2500870.0, 2639090.0}, "status": {} } ``` Values are in a flat array; use dimension sizes to reshape. --- ## Common Dataset Codes | Code | Description | |------|-------------| | `nama_10_gdp` | GDP and main components | | `nama_10_pc` | GDP per capita | | `namq_10_gdp` | GDP quarterly | | `demo_pjan` | Population on 1 January | | `demo_gind` | Population change (births, deaths, migration) | | `une_rt_m` | Unemployment rate (monthly) | | `une_rt_a` | Unemployment rate (annual) | | `lfsi_emp_a` | Employment rate (annual) | | `prc_hicp_manr` | HICP inflation (annual rate of change, monthly) | | `prc_hicp_mmor` | HICP inflation (monthly rate of change) | | `ext_lt_maineu` | EU trade by partner (main partners) | | `ext_st_27_2020sitc` | International trade by SITC | | `bop_c6_q` | Balance of payments (quarterly) | | `gov_10dd_edpt1` | Government deficit/surplus | | `gov_10a_main` | Government revenue, expenditure and main aggregates | | `sts_inpr_m` | Industrial production (monthly) | | `tour_occ_nim` | Tourism (nights spent at accommodation) | | `env_air_gge` | Greenhouse gas emissions | | `tec00114` | GDP growth rate (percentage change) | | `tec00118` | Government debt as % of GDP | ## Common Country Codes (ISO 2-letter, Eurostat uses uppercase) `AT` Austria, `BE` Belgium, `BG` Bulgaria, `CY` Cyprus, `CZ` Czechia, `DE` Germany, `DK` Denmark, `EE` Estonia, `EL` Greece, `ES` Spain, `FI` Finland, `FR` France, `HR` Croatia, `HU` Hungary, `IE` Ireland, `IT` Italy, `LT` Lithuania, `LU` Luxembourg, `LV` Latvia, `MT` Malta, `NL` Netherlands, `PL` Poland, `PT` Portugal, `RO` Romania, `SE` Sweden, `SI` Slovenia, `SK` Slovakia Aggregates: `EU27_2020` (EU-27), `EA20` (Euro area 20), `EA19` (Euro area 19), `EEA30_2007` (EEA) **Note:** Greece uses `EL` (not `GR`) in Eurostat. ## SDMX JSON Response Format ```json { "header": { "id": "...", "prepared": "2024-01-15T10:00:00" }, "dataSets": [ { "series": { "0:0:0:0": { "observations": { "0": [3336010.0], "1": [3601750.0] } } } } ], "structure": { "dimensions": { "series": [...], "observation": [...] } } } ``` In SDMX+JSON, dimension values are encoded as integer indices. The `structure.dimensions` section maps indices to codes and labels. This is compact but requires index lookup. ## Notes - Dimension order in the filter path depends on the dataset structure. Always check `/datastructure/ESTAT/{code}` first. - Use `+` to select multiple values in one dimension (e.g., `DE+FR+IT`). - Leave a dimension segment empty (consecutive dots `..`) to select all values. - CSV format (`?format=sdmx+csv`) is recommended for easier parsing -- it returns flat rows with labeled columns. - The JSON-stat API is simpler for quick queries but the SDMX API is more powerful and complete. - Dataset codes can be found at https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/ by browsing themes. - Large unrestricted queries may time out. Always filter by country and time period. --- Source: [Claudary](https://claudary.paisolsolutions.com/skills/eurostat) · https://claudary.paisolsolutions.com